Medicinal Plants in Nepal

Medicinal plants are those which relieves us from different ailments, diseases, disorders or help to regulate the body function. Traditionally ancestors in Nepal are using these plants for curing diseases.Different parts of the medicinal plants like roots, leaves, fruits, oil extracts, flowers, stems are used as medicine. 


As Nepal has almost all form of ecosystems exist in world except marine and desert ecosystem, it has diversity in flora and fauna also. Many species of plants found in Nepal are identified as medicinal purpose plants. All forms of climatic conditions and topography has led to host around 7000 species of plants among which 10% of total are used for the production of Ayurvedic, Yunani and Siddha medicine.

Medicinal plants in Nepal  are proved to be effective and functions without side effects. Apart from manufacturing Ayurvedic medicines and direct use, medicinal plants are used to make cosmetics, perfume, incense stick, oil, soap, shampoo, toothpaste etc. The use of medicinal plants has directly contributed to the livelihood of the people in Mountain region in Nepal for many centuries. Some people of Himalayan collect the medicinal plants and their parts from the forest ans shell them in the hilly region and terai region of Nepal. Medicinal palnts and herbs are also used in kitchen to add flavor, color, increase appetite and enhance taste. Herbs like timur, turmeric, garlic, ginger etc are used in Nepalese Kitchen as well.

Many plants like Spikenard(jatamasi), Cordyceps sinensis(Yarsagumba), Serpentine(Sarpagandha), Padmachal, Titepati, holy basil(Tulsi), ginger, Emblica(Amala), chiraito etc are used in Nepal to eithe directly use them as medicine in a raw state or to produce herbal medicines.

Various Medicinal Plants in Nepal

ROOT: Dactylorhiza hataigirea (Paanch Aule), Spikenard (Jatamasi), Acoruscalamus( Bojho), Allium( Ban lasun), Sugandhawal, Vyakur etc.

LEAVES: Himalayan Yew( LaunthSalla), Mugwort(Titepati), Justicia adhatoda(Asuro), Tejpat, Kumkum ,Vorla etc.

SEED & FRUITS: Peepal, Rudraksha, hog pulm (lapsi), Katus, Rittha, Shikakai, harro, barro, Amala etc.

SEEDLINGS: Cordyceps sinensis (Yershagumba), Swertia chirayita(Chiraito), Jhyau, Majitho, Centella asiatica(Ghodtapre), Somlata, Nagbeli etc.

BARK: Walnut, Connamon (Dalchini), Betulaulis(Bhojpatra), barberry(Chutro), Chhatiwan, Totala, Palaash, Terminalia arjuna (Arjun), Margosa tree(neem) etc.

FIBERS: Rhododendron, Nageshwor, Asuro, Simal etc

COLOR: Pipal, Majitho, Amala, Mehandi, Ghantiful etc.

GUM & RESIN: Black asphaltum(silajit), Khoto, Kainerrium sikeemens(Gokuldhoop), Red Sandalwood (Raktachandhan) etc.

Note: Medicinal plants should be collect at the appropriate time. While collecting the parts of medicinal plants other parts should not be harmed. 

SAARC and Nepal For Regional Cooperation

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical  union of nations in South Asia. Its member states include Afghanistan, Bangladesh,Bhutan,India,Nepal, the Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.


Nepal has played an important role in SAARC since the beginning. In fact, Nepal has direct role in the formation of SAARC. The ides of regional co-operation in South Asia was discussed in early 1947 but it had not been realized at that time. Then in 1977, a Colombo Plan Consultative Committee meeting was held in Kathmandu. In the meeting the King Birendra delivered an inarguable speech. He proposed for regional cooperation among the south Asian countries sharing river waters. Other participant countries like this idea. Among three years, Bangladeshi President Ziaur Rehman proposed to form a regional cooperation body during the meeting of the officials o the foreign ministries if the seven countries in Colombia in 1981. The proposal was accepted by all seven countries. With the first submit held in Dhaka on December 8, 1985, SAARC was born.

Nepal is a founding member of SAARC. Nepal has contributed to SAARC in all the way it can. There are a numbers of high level SAARC offices in Nepal. SAARC Secretariat is located in Thamel of Kathmandu. The Secretariat is the highest office of SAARC. Likewise, SAARC Tuberculosis Center (Bhaktapur) and SAARC Information Center are also in Nepal.

Nepal has alreadly held three submit. Third, Eleventh and eighteenth submit were held in Kathmandu. Nepal has contributed in development of agriculture, health, family, planning, transportation, water resources, among other region. Our country has also contributed against child and women trafficking, drug trafficking, terrorism. Nepal follows the SAARC mission of poverty alleviation and crime control. SAARC logo was designed by the Nepali citizen Sailendra Maharjan. Nepal has also  held South Asian Federation Games .

Major Tourist areas In Nepal

Nepal is famous for trekking, mountaineering and cultural and wildlife tourism. About 85 %  of tourist visit Nepal for the sake of pleasure and adventure. Areas in different part of the county has several places of historical, cultural and religious importance. Not only the green tea garden of Illam but also places like Dharan, Dhankuta, Hile,  Patan, Basantapur, Bhaktapur, Pokhara, mustang, Jomsoom, Kagbeni, Surkhet, Gorkha, Manakamana, Chitwan, Palpa, Lumbini, Bardiya, Muktinath Helambu, changunarayan amd many more has their own way of describing them self.

Kathmandu

Pokhara

Chitwan

Everest base Camp

Annapurna Base Camp

Patan

Bhaktapur

Lumbini 

Rara

Mustang

Kagbeni

Muktinath

Gorkha

Manakamana

Chandragiri Hill

Nagarkot

Phewa Tal

Janakpur

and many more

Natural vegetation In Nepal

Various types of natural vegetation are found in  Nepal. Land form, climate, soil  type altitudes etc have brought this diversity in the pattern of the natural vegetation. The Distribution pattern of the natural vegetation is found according to the altitude  in general. There are six broad type of natural Vegetation in Nepal.

The Topical and sub tropical forests are found  in Taria and Chure.  Sal, Sisau, Khayar, Satisal anr mainly found in these forest. Temperate forest is found above the sub tropical forest where trees such as Kattus, Chilaune, uttis, and Malato are found. Evergreen Coniferous forest is found above the temperate forest. The tree  species such as Laliguras, BhojPatra, Dhupi, Salla etc are found in this forest.

 

The Alpine forest is found above the ever green coniferous forest where thorny bushes are commonly found because of low temperature are found. Snow and glaciers covers the cold desert area. The vegations such as lichens and mosses are found in this area.

Monsoon Climate In Nepal

About 80% rainfall occurs in Monsoon in Nepal, so that there is remarkable diference between average annual rainfall and the average monsoon rainfall. Like the pattern of annual rainfall, monsoon  rainfall pattern also decrease from the east to the west. The western part of Nepal also higher monsoon rainfall compared to annual rainfall.

The Summer monsoon orginates in the Bay of Bangal and moves along the southern flank of the Himalayans. Thus, the rainfall decreases from the east to west. It is heavily concentrated in the southern part of Annapurna Region , eastern Nepal and in the Langtang  area. The northern part of the mid west and far west receives less monsoon rainfall compared to the other part of country.

The maximum rainfall has been recorded at Lumle in Pokhara. Unlike mean annual rainfall, the north western part of the country also receives higher amount of  rainfall  in summer

 

The monsoon Climate is favorable for rice plantation in Nepal. Most of the people in village area are busy in their field, working with muddy field for planting rice for their next year food source.

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